NLC: A Natural Language Compiler with Deterministic Outputs
& inference efficiency: the lead-up to Fungible Software

Polarj Sapkota | February 2026 — Present

Live Demo: PSI — The Periodic Table of Software NLC paper PDF ⤓ Case for Fungible Software PDF ⤓

Previous demo: NLC Engine for CS Education (deprecated)

Abstract

Determinism is a limitation, if not the greatest one, of current Large Language Models (LLMs) concerning production use. These set of papers aims to shed light on a technique to enfore determinism through a probabilistic machine and establish a case for how it can be used to improve inference-time efficiency by multiple orders of magnitude. Both these papers close in on this idea of 'Fungible Software' from two directions: 'NLC paper' bottom-up & 'The Case...' top-down.


Note: The 'Fungible Software' paper is a work-in-progress. If you're a16z, please expect to a few incomplete arguments in Appendix B, although the facts & figures are already accurate.
Note: Feb 24 Update: The 'Fungible Software' paper is complete. Fungible software systems architecture paper coming next. The main 'Black Box' of the system, the PSI (Program Structure Index)'s v1 has been completed and is now live as the Periodic Table of Software.

NLC Paper

Fungible Software